Guar gum also called La Gomme De Guar or Gomme De Guar is typically extracted from guar beans and has thickening and stabilizing properties which are commonly used in food feed and industrial applications. It is typically seen as an off-white free-flowing powder and is mechanically undergone through a series of technical procedures like dehydrating, husking, milling, and screening according to its application.
Chemical Composition- Chemically, guar gum is an exo-polysaccharide composed of the galactose and mannose. Also, the guar gum powder has the ability to withstand high temperatures and for its solubility and viscosity generating capabilities when combined with other substances. Organic guar gum powder has a great texture and is a free-flow coarse white powder. Its thickening capacity is tremendous and ranges eight times more than a normal corn starch powder.
Guar Extracts-Guar extracts are the Guar Split/Gum 28% (+/- 1% variance) extracts from the guar seed. The guar extracts include Churi and Korma 67% whose ratio is much dependent on the quality of the seed. After this the Guar Gum Split/Gum extracted from the processing is further refined to guar powder and the churi and korma are used for cattle feed.
Production and Trade-The guar bean is basically grown in India, Pakistan, U.S., Australia, and Africa. India produces about 2.5 - 3 million tons of guar annually, thereby making it the largest producer, with about 80% of world production issued for consumption. The non-food guar gum accounts for around 40% of the total demand for this organic guar consumption.
Grading – The grading of guar powder(gomma di guar) is dependent on various factors like colour, viscosity, granulation, moisture, ph, protein, and insoluble ash. Industrial applications include:
Textile Industry- sizing, finishing, and printing.
Paper Industry- Improved sheet information, folding and denser surface for printing.
Explosives industry- as waterproofing agent mixed with ammonium nitrate, nitroglycerin, etc.
Pharmaceutical industry- as binder or as disintegrator in tablets; the main ingredient in some bulk-forming laxatives.
Cosmetic and toiletries – thickener in toothpaste, conditioner in shampoos
Hydraulic fracturing- Shale oil and gas extraction industries consume about 90% of guar gum.
Other industries include mining, hydro-seeding, fire retardant industry, and nanoparticles industry. Also in baked goods, dairy products, and meat, it is used as a binder.
Uses of Organic Guar Gum Powder in Nutritional and Medicinal effects
It acts as a bulk-forming laxative and also decreases cholesterol levels. Its low digestibility uses as a filler and slows the digestion of a meal, thereby lowering the glycemic index of that meal. It is also used for treating diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), obesity, and diabetes; for reducing cholesterol; and for preventing "hardening of the arteries" (atherosclerosis).
Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) have revalued the safety of guar gum powder (E 412) as a food additive and Guar Gum (E 412) is authorized as a food additive in the European Union (EU) following Annex II and Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives. It is also used as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer in ice cream with the European food additive number E412. This ingredient is keto-friendly, vegan, gluten-free, and commonly used as a substitute for xanthan gum in food.
Solubility Properties-It is soluble in cold and hot water. In organic solvents like oil grease, hydrocarbons, ketones, and esters it is practically insoluble. This is also called Guarkernmehl in some regions.
Business viability- In India, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Haryana are the main producing regions, and Jodhpur, Sri Ganganagar, and Hanumangarh in Rajasthan are the major Guar gum whole sale markets. If we look at the US market, they have produced 14000 tonnes of organic guar over the last five years, and specifically, texas has increased its production from 7000 to 50,000 acres since 1999. Being also used as a grocery and gourmet product guar gum exporters and suppliers have taken great pride in dealing extensively with it.
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